TL;DR
SP1 ZK Oracle is an implementation of LIDO LIP-23 sanity-check oracle, using Succinct SP1. It a separate Oracle that builds a report for each Accounting Oracle reference slot, improving its sanity checks.
We propose that the Gas Supply Committee compensate for ZK Oracle operations.
Technical details
The Accounting Oracle is a core component of the Lido protocol that reports the aggregate CL balances of all Lido validators for the daily stETH rebase. Its accuracy is ensured by a 5-of-9 committee of independent Oracle daemons, and the protocol relies on a sanity check to limit potential misreporting.
The current check allows up to a 5% TVL decrease per report. Given a minimum 72-hour governance reaction time, compromised Oracles could reduce reported TVL by 15–20%, triggering liquidations and pushing stETH off-peg. However, real negative rebases have identifiable characteristics that can be leveraged to reduce this attack surface while preserving smooth operation during events like mass slashing.
In case of abnormal negative rebase events, ZK Oracle reports are used to sanity-check Accounting Oracle reports.
Gas estimation
ZK Oracle reports are expected to be processed every day for the Accounting Oracle reference slot. The expected ETH consumption will be around 0.5 ETH per year.