Twyne Lido Alliance proposal

Twyne x Lido Alliance Proposal

TL;DR - In this proposal, Twyne asks for the onboarding of Twyne as a part of the Lido Alliance. The proposal is supported by the Lido Alliance BORG team.

Twyne is a credit delegation protocol built on top of existing lending markets. It enables lenders to delegate their unused borrowing capacity in exchange for yield, creating additional credit lines and unlocking new strategies on top of lending protocols like Euler.

How Twyne Expands stETH’s Ecosystem with a Diverse Product Line:

Twyne expands the use cases for stETH in DeFi:

  • stETH holders can underwrite various cases and also get liquidation incentives passively by absorbing liquidated positions using their idle borrowing capacity.
  • Enables higher-leverage staking strategies by providing access to additional credit lines via delegated borrowing power.

What Twyne expects from Lido:

Twyne seeks Lido’s strategic endorsement, technical guidance during integration, and promotional support to accelerate adoption. The team expects active collaboration with Lido contributors to align credit delegation features with stETH-specific needs and use cases.

How much alignment collateral will be locked in the Alliance:

  • 10% of Twyne’s token supply subject to a 1 year cliff and 2 years vesting
  • 50% revenue share on stETH pools where revenue share for Lido Alliance is primarily used for incentives and liquidity on Twyne

Background

Traditional lending markets rely on a one-size-fits-all risk model. While newer protocols introduced isolated pools for flexibility, any shared liquidity exposes the entire vault to collective insolvency risk. Twyne takes a different approach: only a subset of users opts into additional risk, while passive lenders in the base protocol remain fully isolated. All users continue to access the same underlying liquidity, preserving capital efficiency and strengthening network effects.

Rather than building a new lending market, Twyne introduces new functionality modularly on top, allowing us to extend the feature set of underlying pools. As underlying pools grow, so does the opportunity for credit delegation and any other secondary lending logic.

A significant portion of collateral in lending protocols remains underutilized, as users often prefer passive yield over borrowing. Twyne unlocks this idle borrowing power, turning unused capacity into productive, yield-generating credit.

Protocol V1 Overview

Twyne enables users to delegate their unused borrowing power to others, effectively underwriting their loans. Borrowers tap into this delegated credit, borrowing on behalf of the delegators, and pay a fee in return.

While borrowers still post collateral, they’re no longer constrained by the fixed parameters of the underlying lending market. Instead, their access to credit depends on whether a delegator is willing to lend on other terms. This introduces flexible, opt-in risk segmentation and unlocks high on-chain leverage.

The system handles liquidation to ensure that the delegated collateral remains protected, with liquidators able to manage risk through debt clearance or collateral top-ups. Twyne’s top-up liquidation mechanism is tailored to minimize risks and protect credit providers while having the underlying lending markets liquidation mechanism as a fallback mechanism. stETH lenders with idle borrowing power can subsume liquidated positions and get liquidation incentives passively.

Use cases further down the road:

  • Route Lending through stETH → Earn more yield and enable credit routing
  • Aggregate Lending across many lending markets → Arbitrage across markets
  • First loss capital strategies → Restructure risk

Overview:

Integration and Benefits

The strategic integration of Twyne within the Lido ecosystem capitalizes on stETH’s potential to drive new utility, enhance yields, and boost market efficiency. By enabling stETH holders to delegate unused borrowing power, Twyne creates new yield generation avenues beyond traditional staking rewards. The high collateral factors of stETH on established lending markets make it ideal for credit delegation.

  • Delegated credit unlocks new yield opportunities for passive holders.
  • stETH benefits from a supercharged E-Mode, with access to higher max LTVs.
  • Modular vaults enable customizable risk exposure tailored to Lido’s ecosystem needs.

Security and Operations

Twyne follows a security-first approach grounded in open-source development, modular architecture, rigorous testing, and real-time monitoring. Twyne’s smart contracts are built on the EulerV2 stack, benefiting from approximately $10M invested in security. Over 29 audits were conducted by top security firms. The platform uses unmodified EulerV2 code for credit vaults, inheriting established security guarantees, while custom vault code comprises only 700 SLOCs. This clean layering ensures we inherit the security guarantees of Euler’s audited and proven foundation. Technical and business support from the Euler team strengthens Twyne’s operational foundation.

Our audit with yAudit (now Electisec) is scheduled for April, with invariant testing suites currently being developed by Enigma. Twyne is built on Euler’s battle-tested EVC/EVK architecture and is actively incubated by the Euler team, who also review our codebase. Euler was previously audited by Enigma and yAudit, with yAudit uniquely identifying a critical vulnerability that was addressed following the audit. [Read the full report here]

We will share both audit reports publicly once they are available.

The team brings three years of DeFi consulting experience, with expertise spanning over lending market risk modeling and mechanics, CDP stablecoin designs, and AMM modeling. The core developers contributed extensively to cybersecurity and smart contract auditing at yAudit.

Expectations from Lido Alliance

Twyne seeks strategic endorsement from the Lido Alliance to signal ecosystem alignment and anticipates active collaboration with Lido core contributors to maximize stETH utility within lending markets. Integration assistance, promotional support, and technical resources for testing would accelerate development and enhance operational efficiency.

Twyne aims to establish a sustainable partnership focused on continual product evolution aligned with Lido community needs.

Conclusion

The Twyne-Lido Alliance partnership represents an advancement in maximizing stETH utility and efficiency. This partnership will provide tangible benefits to stETH holders, the Lido community, and the broader DeFi ecosystem while maintaining the highest security standards. By enabling leverage beyond traditional leveraged staking rewards, Twyne helps fulfill Lido’s vision of a more liquid and efficient staking economy.

The collaboration between Twyne and Lido Alliance will drive mutual growth and innovation across DeFi through shared expertise and collaborative feature development. We invite the Lido DAO to endorse this proposal and join us in realizing the next wave of DeFi innovation. Our team stands ready to work closely with Lido core contributors to maximize this integration’s potential.

Next steps

After the proposal is discussed on the forum, a Snapshot vote will follow to gather community feedback. If the proposal receives community support, Twyne will be onboarded into the Lido Alliance, and the integration of Twyne within the Lido ecosystem - along with any necessary follow-up actions.

Supporting Documents:

5 Likes

I am by no means a DeFi expert, but I can see the benefits of more ways to get yield on stETH.

Deposit stETH, E-mode, high borrow capacity, lend it out for extra yield.

Yield structure:

  • 3.6% base yield on stETH
  • `+ 0.09% (:sweat_smile: ) deposit pool on Aave/lending market
  • `+ whatever negotiated on Twyne with the delegated

The risk is taken at an individual level, not a stETH level.

The only risk here would be to support a “losing team” - meaning another platform delivers better and faster and we have committed marketing and promotion resources to an inferior product. More research is needed (for me to be fully onboard) on the DeFi competitive ecosystem, but I will also let more DeFi experts chip in before committing to a strong opinion.

6 Likes

I agree with @Lanski

Is there a competitor analysis or landscape that can be easily found?

a second concern I have is reputation and traction.

What is Twyne’s current traction as it isn’t live yet? TVL, users, investors, team members?

4 Likes

Hi everyone,

Nemo here, Lido alliance contributor.

Twyne is expected to go live in the next few months and would still need to pass all the standard security checks and necessary market tests before being publicly endorsed by Lido Alliance.

A few words on bets:

I’m sure many of you either know or sympathize with founder pains and the innate entropy of being an upstart. Protocol success is never formulaic - so many moving pieces and conflicting factors need to align and come together at just the right time, as they have for Lido itself. It’s really hard to predict or bet on future outcomes.

Instead what made me propose Twyne as the next Alliance member is a combination of their ethos, technical expertise, risk management, math and industry prowess. While their future is unknowable, the foundation is rock solid. Also, being an Alliance member has never meant nor will mean that Lido is unable to nurture protocol relations or explore mutual interests with any other ecosystem project.

Regarding Twyne,

Back in 2023 I personally met Twyne’s technical contributors as core members of yAcademy, a security-oriented team spun out of the Yearn ecosystem. I also had several long chats with Twyne’s econ/math brains around ethcc Brussels last year. What first drew my attention is their focus on aggregation and capital efficiency in the greater context of lending. With n+1 new chains and flavors of lending protocols, I see bottlenecks start to compound, so Twyne’s elevator pitch checked out for me. That plus my confidence in their team’s technical ability made me begin to explore synergies between Twyne and Lido Alliance.

So with that, let me add few more details from workgroup review

Twyne - Alliance Workgroup Review

Key Terms


Ethereum-alignment and commitment to decentralize validation

If stETH gains wide adoption as a base asset within Twyne, the growth of credit delegation will directly contribute to expanding stETH’s role as collateral across DeFi. This not only enhances capital efficiency but also strengthens Ethereum’s decentralization by supporting a more diverse set of node operators through increased stETH demand.

Use-cases for stETH adoption and integration

stETH currently lacks native lending yield and is primarily utilized in lending markets to leverage staking returns. While these strategies serve as effective token sinks and provide viable opportunities for stETH holders, their scope remains narrow. Credit delegation unlocks a broader range of yield opportunities, allowing stETH to support a wider set of use cases within lending protocols.

Tailored integrations—like Aave’s e-mode, which enables more efficient leveraged staking—have already demonstrated the value of specialized integrations. Through our incubation efforts, we aim to continue this trajectory by designing new, protocol-specific solutions that further extend stETH’s utility.

Use-case for other lido alliance members

Credit delegation enables leverage to be extended to virtually any asset. Within the Lido Alliance, this includes liquid restaking tokens (LRTs), yield strategies from protocols like Mellow, and governance tokens of member projects. By simply holding stETH and delegating borrowing power, the Alliance can catalyze ecosystem growth without selling assets—bootstrapping liquidity and market activity in a capital-efficient way.

Alternatives such as submitting governance proposals to protocols like Aave to list new assets—are time-consuming and rarely successful. Alternatively, using permissionless markets like Morpho or Euler provides more flexibility but requires seeding all necessary tokens and bootstrapping liquidity from scratch. Credit delegation offers a more streamlined path: it allows stETH holders to extend their lending terms to new assets, enabling LRTs to access similar interest rates and borrowable token sets without needing to go through the usual processes.

Security Review

Please see “Security Culture” section here for further detail. We will also ask GRAPPA for their opinion now and after audit reports once again.

What are the processes for putting code into production?

What is the release flow from the security perspective?

  1. Freeze feature changes; enter “bug fix only” mode. Code simplification allowed, but no increase in code complexity beyond this point
  2. Achieve >95% code coverage, including branch coverage
  3. Update fuzzing suite (originally created during a prior engagement with Enigma Dark). Ensure fuzzing coverage matches the original benchmark.
  4. Perform internal security review
  5. Conduct external security audit(s)
  6. Address all security findings and complete mitigation review with the same auditor(s)

How does the team decide the code is ready for mainnet?

  1. The above security process is complete.
  2. Front-end end-to-end testing confirms all user flows are working with the latest contract code, using (unverified) contracts deployed to the same chain intended for production. This deployment also tests the deploy scripts in a production-like environment, including correct setup of governance addresses. This marks their internal testing period; they also test their monitoring infrastructure on this deployment.
  3. The internal risk modeling team verifies that the governance parameters chosen for launch meet expectations given current market conditions.
  4. They deploy the code and test full user flows themselves before announcing deployment publicly. Spot checks are performed to ensure all governance-set variables meet expectations.

Does the protocol have public audits? What parties conducted the audits?

  • They are in the process of finalizing audit partners—Enigma for fuzzing and automated testing, and yAudit (now Electisec) for a comprehensive code review.
  • The core development team brings years of experience as auditors themselves and maintains a strong focus on security throughout the development process.

What’s the issue summary (total issues / total fixed / crits and highs / crits and highs fixed)

  • NA

How is the deployment verified against the audit?

  • NA

What are the processes for managing security through TVL growth?

Is there a bug bounty? if yes — which and where

  • Not yet announced, but Twyne plans to implement a bug-bounty on Immunefi for Twyne’s mainnet.

Are there limits / thresholds on the project / TVL? Who controls those?

  • TVL will ramp up gradually, initially hard-coded to a ~$3M cap, and will be adjusted over time alongside increased bug bounty incentives.
  • The team will whitelist underlying lending pools to optimize integrations and manage risk.
  • While technically feasible today, risk curators will be introduced at a later stage.
  • Control over upgradeable parameters is still TBD. If applicable, a multisig—potentially with Lido Alliance representation or other respectable market participants—will act as the initial governing entity.

Are there any user funds on a multisig?

  • No

Is the code upgradable? How and who controls upgradability?

  • TBD (as Twyne is in testing)
  • If there are any upgradeable contracts, a multi-sig, which Lido Alliance can have seats on, will be the initial controlling party.

What is the likelihood that the project will endure?

Is the project incorporated? How the legal structure looks like?

  • Twyne DevCo OÜ is the development entity responsible for building the software.
  • Twyne Association will be responsible for issuing the token and overseeing DAO governance.

What’s the funding situation?

  • Summer 2024 - initial pre-seed round investors are Euler Finance and Daedalus, with participation from additional angel investors.
  • Early 2025 - They are currently finalising legal work for their Pre-Seed & Seed Round (so can’t disclose publicly), which is being led by a top-tier VC, with a second VC joining to complete the raise. Team will publicly disclose names after legal process is being done.

What is the team size?

  • Team of 6 and expanding soon

Is the code open source? What’s the license?

  • Not yet, but the audits reports and protocol launch are expected within the next 60 days

Executive Summary

Dimension Conclusion
Security Evaluation Commitment to run testnet launch, as well as having the public audit report and bug bounty upon any launch
Ethereum Decentralization Indirect, with growth of stETH positive
stETH Adoption Direct, very positive
Benefits to Node Operators Indirect, neutral

Recommendation: Accept

The Alliance Workgroup recommends accepting Twyne and endorsing it for the Lido Alliance.

3 Likes

Thanks for the comments, @Lanski and @Leuts! We appreciate you recognizing the potential here. While we can’t promise to “win” any specific market, we can commit to working closely with the Alliance to focus on making stETH more attractive for DeFi lending. We see strong synergies here and believe Twyne is a good fit for the Lido Alliance.

Competitor Landscape

While credit delegation remains an underexplored niche, a few protocols touch on adjacent ideas:

  • 246Club enables cross-protocol loans — e.g., borrowing USDC on Aave and depositing it to Morpho. It’s about routing liquidity, not risk delegation.
  • Alchemix / Altitude uses a portion of borrowing power to auto-repay loans via DeFi yield.

Twyne takes a broader approach to credit delegation, aiming to support multiple use cases across different credit vaults through a modular and generalizable framework.

Traction So Far

Incubated and investment by Euler, followed by Angel backing from names like Daedalus. Now we closed our pre-seed round, led by a top-tier VC, with a second VC filling out the round. We’re in the DD process and we can disclose the VCs in the upcoming months.

Team

The team’s background is rooted in DeFi risk consulting. Twyne is fundamentally about underwriting risk, and our approach is shaped by deep experience in both security reviews and economic audits. We’ve supported protocol teams like Liquity and OpenDollar (a RAI fork), helping them model risk parameters, stress-test mechanisms, and evaluate stability under edge cases.

Engn33r & Bunbun: As highly skilled smart contract auditors with over two years of specialized experience, Engn33r and Bunbun have established themselves as top performers in the field. Core members of yAcademy, they consistently rank among the best in multiple auditing contests. Their backgrounds as web2 security penetration testers showcase their expertise across diverse tech stacks

Taulant: Drawing from his startup experience, he helped scale a web2 business to $10 million in ARR within two years. In crypto, Taulant, Daniele and Jakub worked together on 0xside.quest helping DeFi projects with economic risk assessments and mechanism design.

Daniele: A Physics PhD and lead researcher specializing in quantitative risk management. Daniele brings a meticulous approach to risk and mechanism design. He also serves as a partner and due diligence specialist at Gnosis VC.

Jakub: With a solid background in data science from his work at Giza, Keom, and 0xsidequest, Jakub manages all data-related aspects, from engineering to analysis.

4 Likes

Thanks to you and @taulant for the info!

2 Likes

Thanks for the info indeed @Nemo and @taulant !

1 Like